IMD International

CULTURAL PERSPECTIVES QUESTIONNAIRE

CPQ project

The Cultural Perspectives Questionnaire
Understanding culture is important for many aspects of management, both in single-country and multinational settings. People's cultural backgrounds influence their assumptions about organizational work and how interactions with other people should proceed. Culture's influence, though, is so profound that it often goes unseen. This results not only in deep and difficult conflicts, but also in untapped potential.
This research project enables us to describe to managers:

  • The cultural profiles of companies operating across the globe
  • How cultural similarities and differences affect work in organizations, in order to create higher effectiveness in multinational teams and global corporations
  • How individuals can better understand and communicate with other people within other cultures

The Cultural Orientations Framework, and the questionnaire which measures the orientations, provide a well tested tool for understanding management behaviors and characteristics related to culture. It can be used to diagnose and address problems, or to identify ways to leverage higher performance.

We collect data in co-operation with universities and large global corporations, surveying employees in more than 50 countries and 20 different languages.

The outcome of the data analysis, combined with previous research and experience, will enable us to write a major and important book, and associated high-level practitioner articles and teaching materials.

Working with the CPQ:
Teachers and consultants from around the world use the CPQ as a tool to increase understanding of management behaviours and characteristics related to culture. If you are interested in exploring the CPQ framework please start by clicking through the questionnaire below.

Try the CPQ (test only)

The next step is for you to contact us at IMD. We create a personalized link to the online questionnaire for your group that easily can be shared in an email. Throughout the field period you are able to keep track of who has respondent or not. And once a sufficient response rate is achieved we will generate results and feedback for you.

The results are delivered to your selected contact person via email in a PDF format. One PDF file with the overall group results and one PDF file with the individual results for each person who has completed the online questionnaire. The format is easy to use and can easily be printed by you and distributed to each individual in the group.

The CPQ is currently free of charge when used as a tool for teaching and research at undergraduate and graduate levels. For executive programs, public or private, IMD charges a market rate of 15 Euros per questionnaire, which includes various feedback forms.

Contact us


The CPQ-team has more than 60 years of combined experience in cross-cultural management and communication. We developed and tested the Cultural Perspectives Questionnaire over a period of 12 years. We are very confident about the results this creates and we highly encourage other universities, business schools and organizations to use this tool for research, cultural training and change processes.

CPQ team

Martha Maznevski
Professor of Organizational Behavior and International Management


Joe DiStefano
Professor of Organizational Behavior and International Management


Philippe Margery
Project Director and Research Associate


Alberto Brigneti
IT Systems Developer


Anne-Marie TassiFaculty Assistant

Laurence VagnieresProgram Coordinator

Examples of results and feedback
Each individual respondent will get a page showing his/her own scores on the cultural dimensions, compared to the group, class, program, team or company in which the CPQ is used.

Click here to see an example (PDF, 112kb)

In most cases the teacher or coordinator prefers to give this feedback back to the "students", but it can also be provided automatically by email upon submission of the CPQ. Please specify which one you prefer when interacting with IMD.
In addition, IMD provides the contact person with all the results for the group, class, program, team or company in which the CPQ is used. This includes various breakdowns such as age, gender, nationality and function.

CPQ sample gender large group (PDF, 75kb)
CPQ sample age medium group (PDF, 77kb)

CPQ sample group results (PDF, 77kb)

Statistics
The results represent the raw scores from thousands of CPQ-respondents. For this particular purpose we have not used within-person-standardization or any other statistical adjustments or manipulations. Respondents, who are always kept in anonymity, consist primarily of managers participating in some of IMDs many executive training courses and of MBA students from many different universities around the world. Thus, the samples here are not necessarily representative for the average population of any given country.

Results are intellectual property of IMD and can not be published without permission of IMD.

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Perspectives for Managers (PDF, 168kb)
Perspectives for MBI (PDF, 81kb)

Cultural dimensions (PDF, 142kb)

  • "Creating Value with Diverse Teams", Joseph J. DiStefano and Martha L. Maznevski, Organizational Dynamics, Vol. 29, No. 1, pp. 45 - 63, 2000


  • "Global Leaders Are Team Players: Developing Global Leaders Through Membership on Global Teams", Martha L. Maznevski and Joseph J. DiStefano, Human Resource Management Journal, Summer/Fall 2000, Vol. 39. Nos. 2 & 3, pp. 195 – 20

Reference books (PDF, 20kb)
Reference articles (PDF, 28kb)
Reference cases (PDF, 16kb)

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Regular users of the Cultural Perspectives Questionnaire (CPQ) are companies, universities and business schools from around the world including:

  • Aalen University, Germany
  • Baruch College, USA
  • Cornell University, USA
  • EPFL, Switzerland
  • ESADE, Spain
  • Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong
  • INSEAD, France
  • London School of Economics, UK
  • Macquarie Graduate School of Management, Australia
  • McGill University, Canada
  • Massachusetts Institute of Technology MIT, USA
  • Nanyang Business School, Singapore
  • Notheastern University, USA
  • Norwegian School of Economics, USA
  • Queen's School of Business, Canada
  • Richard Ivey School of Business, Canada
  • San Jose State University, USA
  • SDA Bocconi University, Italy
  • University of Calgary, Canada
  • University of Geneva, Switzerland
  • University of Mannheim, Germany
  • University of Massachusetts, USA
  • University of Michigan, USA
  • University of South Carolina, USA
  • University of St. Louis, USA
  • University of Utah, USA
  • Webster University, Austria


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